121. Pezdek and colleagues found that, in order for a person to interpret thoughts and fantasies about false events as true memories, ____________.

a) the event must seem as vivid as possible

b) the person must believe in hypnosis

c) they must be plausibled) they must hear about the event several times

– Why do we forget?

122. A. R. Luria studied an individual with phenomenal memory. This person was a ____________.

a) gestaltiker

b) hypnotist

c) child prodigy

d) mnemonist

123. A. R. Luria studied a mnemonist with phenomenal memory. This person had several problems associated with the ability. Which was one reported in your textbook?

a) repressed memory syndrome

b) tip-of-the-tongue aphasia

c) separating trivial from important memories.

d) cognitive penetrance

124. Ebbinghaus found that information is forgotten ____________.

a) more rapidly as time goes by

b) gradually at first, then with increasing speed

c) quickly at first, then tapers off gradually

d) most quickly one day after learning

125. In the curve of forgetting developed by Ebbinghaus, the greatest amount of forgetting occurs _____________.

a) within the first hour after learning new material

b) within the first day after learning new material

c) near the end of the retrieval period

d) near the middle of the retrieval period

126. Your teacher has given each student the name of a key figure in the history of psychology. The assignment is to describe at least one significant contribution made by this person. If your historical figure is Hermann Ebbinghaus, what contribution might you describe to the class?

a) He described the limits of sensory storage.

b) He discovered the parts of the brain responsible for processing memories.

c) He created nonsense syllables in order to study memory in a “pure” form.

d) He developed a series of memory aids that is still used by students today.

127. What type of stimuli did Hermann Ebbinghaus use in his memory experiments?

a) words

b) numbers

c) pictures

d) nonsense syllables

128. Why did Hermann Ebbinghaus use nonsense syllables as stimuli in his memory research?

a) They offered challenging tasks.

b) The stimuli had no previous associations.

c) They were short and, thus, easy to remember.

d) The stimuli had been used in earlier research.

129. You are invited to take part in a study by a researcher trying to replicate the work of Hermann Ebbinghaus. What might this researcher ask you to do?

a) “Write down all the words you can remember.”

b) “Read this poem and then interpret its meaning.”

c) “Listen to me: BEC, DAX, FER, KOJ; now repeat what I said.”

d) “Listen to these sounds and write down words that come to mind.”

130. Most people have difficulty actually recognizing the correct image of the Lincoln penny. The most likely cause

of this problem is ____________.

a) interference

b) memory trace decay

c) encoding failure

d) repression