31) In the figure above, which of the arrows represents the most rapid population growth?

A) arrow A

B) arrow B

C) arrow C

32) Which statements about K are correct?

I) K varies among populations.

II) K varies in space.

III)K varies in time.

IV)K is constant for any given species.

A) only I and III

B) only II and IV

C) only I, II, and III

D) only II, III, and IV

E) only I, II, and IV

33) A population of ground squirrels has an annual per capita birth rate of 0.06 and an annual per capita death rate of 0.02. Calculate an estimate of the total number of individuals added to (or lost from) a population of 1000 individuals in one year.

A) 120 individuals added

B) 40 individuals added

C) 20 individuals added

D) 400 individuals added

E) 20 individuals lost

34) Exponential growth of a population is represented by dN/dt = _____.

A)

B) rmax N

C) rN (K + N)

D) rN

E) rNrN

35) Logistic growth of a population is represented by dN/dt = _____.

A)

B) rmax N

C) rN (K + N)

D) rN

E) rNrN

36) As N approaches K for a certain population, which of the following is predicted by the logistic equation?

A) The growth rate will not change.

B) The growth rate will approach zero.

C) The population will show an Allee effect.

D) The population will increase exponentially.

E) The carrying capacity of the environment will increase.

37) In models of logistic population growth, _____.

A) the population growth rate slows dramatically as N approaches K

B) new individuals are added to the population most rapidly at the beginning of the population’s growth

C) new individuals are added to the population as N approaches K

D) only density-dependent factors affect the rate of population growth

E) carrying capacity is never reached

38) Carrying capacity is _____.

A) seldom reached by marine producers and consumers because of the vast resources of the ocean

B) the maximum population size that a particular environment can support

C) fixed for most species over most of their range most of the time

D) determined by density and dispersion data

E) the term used to describe the stress a population undergoes due to limited resources

39) Why do populations grow more slowly as they approach their carrying capacity?

A) Density-dependent factors lead to fewer births and increased mortality.

B) Density-independent factors lead to fewer births and increased mortality.

C) Hormonal changes promote higher death rates in crowded populations.

D) Individuals voluntarily stop mating so that overcrowding does not occur.

E) The incoming energy decreases in populations experiencing a high rate of increase.

40) A population’s carrying capacity _____.

A) may change as environmental conditions change

B) can be accurately calculated using the logistic growth model

C) generally remains constant over time

D) increases as the per capita growth rate (r) decreases

E) can never be exceeded