31. The nurse caring for a child with suspected appendicitis should question which order from the physician?

a.Keep patient NPO.

b.Start IV of D5/0.45 normal saline at 60 mL/hr.

c.Apply K-pad to abdomen prn for pain.

d.Obtain CBC on admission to nursing unit.

32. Which order should the nurse question when caring for a 5-year-old child after surgery for Hirschsprung disease?

a.Monitor rectal temperature every 4 hours and report an elevation greater than 38.5° C.

b.Assess stools after surgery.

c.Keep the child NPO until bowel sounds return.

d.Maintain IV fluids at ordered rate.

33. Which parasite causes acute diarrhea?

a.Shigella organisms

b.Salmonella organisms

c.Giardia lamblia

d.Escherichia coli

34. What goal has the highest priority for a child with malabsorption associated with lactose intolerance?

a.The child will experience no abdominal spasms.

b.The child will not experience constipation associated with malabsorption syndrome.

c.The child will not experience diarrhea associated with malabsorption syndrome.

d.The child will receive adequate nutrition as evidenced by a weight gain of 1 kg/day.

35. What should the nurse stress in a teaching plan for the mother of an 11-year-old boy with ulcerative colitis?

a.Preventing the spread of illness to others

b.Nutritional guidance and preventing constipation

c.Teaching daily use of enemas

d.Coping with stress and avoiding triggers

36. An infant with imperforate anus has an anal plasty and temporary colostomy. Which statement by the infant’s mother indicates that she understands how to care for the infant’s colostomy at home?

a.“I will call the doctor right away if my baby starts vomiting.”

b.“I’ll call my home health nurse if the colostomy bag needs to be changed.”

c.“I’ll call the doctor if I notice that the colostomy stoma is pink.”

d.“I’ll have my mother help me with the care of the colostomy.”

37. Careful handwashing before and after contact can prevent the spread of which condition in daycare and school settings?

a.Irritable bowel syndrome

b.Ulcerative colitis

c.Hepatic cirrhosis

d.Hepatitis A

38. Which viral pathogen frequently causes acute diarrhea in young children?

a.Giardia organisms

b.Shigella organisms

c.Rotavirus

d.Salmonella organisms

39. A stool specimen from a child with diarrhea shows the presence of neutrophils and red blood cells. This is most suggestive of

a.Protein intolerance

b.Parasitic infection

c.Fat malabsorption

d.Bacterial gastroenteritis

40. A school-age child with diarrhea has been rehydrated. The nurse is discussing the child’s diet with the family. Which statement by the parent indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?

a.“I will keep my child on a clear liquid diet for the next 24 hours.”

b.“I should encourage my child to drink carbonated drinks but avoid food for the next 24 hours.”

c.“I will offer my child bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast for the next 48 hours.”

d.“I should have my child eat a normal diet with easily digested foods for the next 48 hours.”