Refer to Figure 7.3 to answer the following questions.

The solutions in the arms of a U-tube are separated at the bottom of the tube by a selectively permeable membrane. The membrane is permeable to sodium chloride but not to glucose. Side A is filled with a solution of 0.4 M glucose and 0.5 M sodium chloride (NaCl., and side B is filled with a solution containing 0.8 M glucose and 0.4 M sodium chloride. Initially, the volume in both arms is the same.

Figure 7.3

43. At the beginning of the experiment,

A. side A is hypertonic to side B.

B. side A is hypotonic to side B.

C. side A is isotonic to side B.

D. side A is hypertonic to side B with respect to glucose.

E. side A is hypotonic to side B with respect to sodium chloride.

44. If you examine side A after 3 days, you should find

A. a decrease in the concentration of NaCl and glucose and an increase in the water level.

B. a decrease in the concentration of NaCl, an increase in water level, and no change in the concentration of glucose.

C. no net change in the system.

D. a decrease in the concentration of NaCl and a decrease in the water level.

E. no change in the concentration of NaCl and glucose and an increase in the water level.

45. Which of the following statements correctly describes the normal tonicity conditions for typical plant and animal cells?

A. The animal cell is in a hypotonic solution, and the plant cell is in an isotonic solution.

B. The animal cell is in an isotonic solution, and the plant cell is in a hypertonic solution.

C. The animal cell is in a hypertonic solution, and the plant cell is in an isotonic solution.

D. The animal cell is in an isotonic solution, and the plant cell is in a hypotonic solution.

E. The animal cell is in a hypertonic solution, and the plant cell is in a hypotonic solution.

Read the following information and refer to Figure 7.4 to answer the following questions.

Five dialysis bags, constructed from a semi-permeable membrane that is impermeable to sucrose, were filled with various concentrations of sucrose and then placed in separate beakers containing an initial concentration of 0.6 M sucrose solution. At 10-minute intervals, the bags were massed (weighed. and the percent change in mass of each bag was graphed.

Figure 7.4

46. Which line represents the bag that contained a solution isotonic to the 0.6 molar solution at the beginning of the experiment?

47. Which line represents the bag with the highest initial concentration of sucrose?

48. Which line or lines represent(s. bags that contain a solution that is hypertonic at the end of 60 minutes?

A. A and B

B. B

C. C

D. D

E. D and E

49. You are working on a team that is designing a new drug. In order for this drug to work, it must enter the cytoplasm of specific target cells. Which of the following would be a factor that determines whether the molecule enters the cell?

A. blood or tissue type of the patient

B. non-polarity of the drug molecule

C. lack of charge on the drug molecule

D. similarity of the drug molecule to other molecules transported by the target cells

E. lipid composition of the target cells’ plasma membrane

50. In which of the following would there be the greatest need for osmoregulation?

A. an animal connective tissue cell bathed in isotonic body fluid

B. a terrestrial animal such as a snake

C. a red blood cell surrounded by plasma

D. a lymphocyte before it has been taken back into lymph fluid

E. a plant being grown hydroponically (in a watery mixture of designated nutrients.

51. When a plant cell, such as one from a peony stem, is submerged in a very hypotonic solution, what is likely to occur?

A. the cell will burst

B. the cell membrane will lyse

C. plasmolysis will shrink the interior

D. the cell will become flaccid

E. the cell will become turgid

52. Which of the following membrane activities require energy from ATP hydrolysis?

A. facilitated diffusion.

B. movement of water into a cell

C. Na+ ions moving out of the cell

D. movement of glucose molecules

E. movement of water into a paramecium